Introduction
Hajr-e-Aswad, or the Black Stone, is a revered relic set into the eastern corner of the Ka’bah in Makkah. It holds deep spiritual and historical significance in Islam. Muslims believe it descended from Paradise and consider it a symbol of faith and unity. Although it does not hold divine power, kissing or touching it during Tawaf (circumambulation of the Ka’bah) is an act of reverence, following the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).
The Origin of Hajr-e-Aswad
- The Black Stone came from Jannah (Paradise) and was given to Prophet Ibrahim (AS) by Angel Jibreel (AS) to place in the Ka’bah.
- Initially, it was pure white, but over time, it turned black due to the sins of humanity.
- Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said:
“The Black Stone descended from Paradise whiter than milk, but the sins of the sons of Adam turned it black.” (Tirmidhi)
Historical Events Related to the Black Stone
1. The Placement by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
- When the Quraysh rebuilt the Ka’bah, they disagreed on who should place the Black Stone.
- To resolve the dispute, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) placed it on a cloth and asked each leader to hold a corner, ensuring fairness.
- He then personally positioned the stone in its rightful place.
2. The Theft by the Qarmatians
- In 930 CE, a rebellious group called the Qarmatians stole the Black Stone and took it to Bahrain.
- It was missing for 23 years before being returned in 952 CE.
3. Restoration Over Time
- The stone has broken into smaller pieces over the years due to damage and historical events.
- It is now held together in a silver frame that was originally made by Abdullah ibn Zubair (RA) and has been maintained by different rulers over centuries.
Physical Description of Hajr-e-Aswad
- The Black Stone consists of 8 visible small fragments, encased in a silver frame.
- The silver casing was added to protect the stone and maintain its structure.
Religious Significance of the Black Stone
1. Sunnah of Kissing or Touching It
- Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) kissed the Black Stone, and Muslims try to do the same during Tawaf.
- If unable to reach it, pilgrims may point towards it (Istilam) from a distance.
- Umar ibn Al-Khattab (RA) said:
“I know that you are a stone and can neither benefit nor harm. Had I not seen the Prophet kissing you, I would not have kissed you.” (Bukhari)
2. Witness on the Day of Judgment
- The Prophet (PBUH) said:
“By Allah, on the Day of Qiyamah, Allah will present the Hajr-e-Aswad with two eyes and a tongue, and it will testify for those who kissed it with sincerity.” (Tirmidhi)
3. A Symbol of Monotheism
- Kissing the Black Stone is not an act of worship but a way to follow the Sunnah and demonstrate unity in the worship of Allah alone.
Etiquette and Respect at the Black Stone
- Avoid pushing or harming others while trying to reach the stone.
- If it is too crowded, raise your hands towards it (Istilam) and recite “Bismillah Allahu Akbar.”
- Remember that the true essence lies in sincerity and not just in physical contact.